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Franklin expedition divers say 2023 season highly productive

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In 2023, Franklin expedition divers found map-making tools, coins, a pistol and medicine bottles. Some items are clearly personal 聴 a leather shoe, shoulder epaulets, a fishing rod with a brass reel that looks ready for use, a group of fossils someone saved for souvenirs. Brett Seymour/Parks Canada/The Canadian Press

If itSA国际影视传媒檚 possible to look through the eyes of the past, Jonathan Moore has done it.

The manager of a team of Parks Canada underwater archeologists excavating the rediscovered ships of the doomed Franklin expedition once held in his hands the lens from a pair of eyeglasses fetched from the deep. Then he held it up to his own eye.

SA国际影视传媒淚 wear glasses,SA国际影视传媒 Moore said. SA国际影视传媒淚 know that would have been an incredibly important personal possession.

SA国际影视传媒淚t certainly struck me as a connection with that individual. Some of these specific artifacts are incredibly evocative.SA国际影视传媒

Moore was summing up what he called a highly productive season of excavation on the Erebus, one of Sir John FranklinSA国际影视传媒檚 two ships that set out from England in 1845. Neither it nor the Terror SA国际影视传媒 nor the 129 men they carried SA国际影视传媒 ever returned.

More than 30 expeditions sought them, to find only a few artifacts, graves and ghastly tales of cannibalism.

Through Inuit oral history and high-tech surveys, Erebus was found in 2014, just off the northwest coast of King William Island in Nunavut. The Terror was found two years later. The discoveries made global headlines.

Since then, Parks CanadaSA国际影视传媒檚 underwater archeology team has been excavating both ships. Last summer was a good season.

SA国际影视传媒淲e had excellent weather, excellent underwater visibility,SA国际影视传媒 said Moore.

That allowed the team to make 68 dives. Heated diving suits with air pumped from the surfaced allowed some of those dives to last for hours.

Climate change, however, is shifting the terms of the work. Less sea ice means the wrecks are more vulnerable to waves and currents generated by winter storms, Moore said.

SA国际影视传媒淭hereSA国际影视传媒檚 noticeable change to the wreck.

SA国际影视传媒淚n 2018, part of the upper deck flipped over. WeSA国际影视传媒檙e getting evidence of artifacts moving around and timbers shifting.SA国际影视传媒

To track the changes, the team documented the site with thousands of high-resolution digital photos and produced precise three-dimensional models. ItSA国际影视传媒檚 working with Edmonton-based engineering firm Stantec to model the currents and other disturbances influencing the site.

The Erebus, in much shallower water than the Terror, is most at risk. ThatSA国际影视传媒檚 why last summerSA国际影视传媒檚 dives focused on it. The disturbance had revealed a tantalizing new target.

SA国际影视传媒淲e were able to get access to a seamanSA国际影视传媒檚 chest,SA国际影视传媒 Moore said. SA国际影视传媒淲eSA国际影视传媒檝e had our eye on it for years.SA国际影视传媒

The team has now been into the cabins of two officers, the shipSA国际影视传媒檚 steward and, with the new discovery, the storage trunk of an ordinary sailor.

SA国际影视传媒淚t kind of gives us a cross-section of the crew, from lower ranks to upper ranks,SA国际影视传媒 Moore said.

Artifacts keep coming to the surface. Divers found map-making tools, coins, a pistol and medicine bottles. Some items are clearly personal SA国际影视传媒 a leather shoe, shoulder epaulets, a fishing rod with a brass reel that looks ready for use, a group of fossils someone saved for souvenirs.

The team is now working with the Geological Survey of Canada to find out where the fossils came from and perhaps learn more about where the ships travelled before sinking below the ice.

Both the Terror and the Erebus sites are co-managed by Parks Canada and the Nattilik Heritage Society in Gjoa Haven, Nunavut, which also administers the Wrecks Guardian Program and the Nattilik Heritage Centre. Recovered artifacts are co-owned by Parks Canada and the Inuit Heritage Trust.

Much has been done since the first of the wrecks was discovered, with dozens of artifacts undergoing the painstaking process of conservation in Ottawa labs. Years of excavation remain, but Moore never loses sight of the fact that the story unfolding in front of his diverSA国际影视传媒檚 mask is one of the great tragedies and mysteries of the North.

SA国际影视传媒淵ou can imagine someone walking along a beach and picking up those fossils,SA国际影视传媒 Moore said. SA国际影视传媒(The artifacts) give us this keen insightful connection to people in the past.SA国际影视传媒

SA国际影视传媒擝y Bob Weber, The Canadian Press





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